19911217 1991-36ORDINANCE NO. 1991- 36
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING AND REENACTING
CHAPTER 18.1 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF
FAIRFAX, VIRGINIA CONCERNING PURCHASING.
BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Fairfax,
Virginia, that Chapter 18.1 of the Code of the City of Fairfax is
hereby amended and reenacted to read in its entirety as follows:
Chapter 18.1
PURCHASING
Article I. In General
Division 1. Purpose and Application
18.1-1.
18.1-2.
18.1-3.
18.1-4.
Preamble.
Purpose.
Application.
Effective date of chapter.
Division 2. Definitions
18.1-5.
Terms defined.
Article II. Office of the Purchasing Agent
18.1-6.
18.1-7.
18.1-8.
18.1-9.
18.1-10.
18.1-11.
Establishment of purchasing system.
Authority and duties.
Delegation.
Unauthorized purchases.
Professional services.
Authority to approve purchases.
Article III. Cooperative Purchasing
18.1-12.
Conditions for use.
Article IV. Contract Formation and Methods of Source Selection
18.1-13.
18.1-14.
18.1-15.
18.1-16.
18.1-17.
18.1-18.
18.1-19.
18.1-20.
18.1-21.
18.1-22.
18.1-22.1.
18.1-22.2.
18.1-22.3.
18.1-22.4.
Competitive sealed bidding.
Action on performance bond.
Action on payment bonds.
Alternative forms of security.
Competitive negotiation.
Contracting for professional services by competitive
negotiation.
Sole source procurement.
Emergency purchases.
Small purchases.
Miscellaneous sources.
Rejection of bids.
Discrimination prohibited.
Waiver of informalities.
Appeals and remedies.
Article V. Disposal of Surplus Property
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1991-36
18.1-23.
Procedure.
Article VI. ~~.~iiiii.i~ Debarment
18.1-24.
18.1-25.
18.1-26.
18.1-27.
Authority to ~~.~iiiiiiii~ debar
Decision to ~~iiiiiii~ debar e~.
Not~ce of decision.
Finality of decision.
Article VII. Ethics in Public Contracting
18.1-28.
18.1-29.
18.1-30.
18.1-31.
18.1-32.
18.1-33.
18.1-34.
18.1-35.
18.1-36.
Purpose.
Definitions.
Prescribed participation by public employees in
procurement transactions.
Solicitation or acceptance of gifts.
Disclosure of subsequent employment.
Gifts by bidders, offerors, contractors or subcon-
tractors.
Kickbacks.
Purchase of building materials, etc., from architect
or engineer prohibited.
Penalty for violation.
ARTICLE I. IN ~ENERAL
DIVISION I. PURPOSE AND APPLICATION
Sec. 18.1-1. Preamble.
[Reserved.]
Sec. 18.1-2. Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to increase public confidence
in purchasing by the City of Fairfax, to encourage competition in
public purchasing among vendors or contractors, to administer
fairly and equitably purchasing policies among bidders and to
obtain high quality goods and services at the lowest possible
price. (Ord. No. 1983-2, 1-11-83)
Sec. 18.1-3. Application
This chapter applies to contracts for the procurement of
goods, services, insurance and construction entered into by the
City of Fairfax involving every expenditure for public purchasing
irrespective of its source.
When the procurement involves the expenditure of federal
assistance or contract funds, the procurement shall be conducted
in accordance with any applicable mandatory federal law and
regulations. Nothing in this chapter shall prevent ~..~ ~ .....
ee3em~=yi~iii~!~ from complying with the terms and conditions of any
grant, gift, or bequest which are otherwise consistent with law.
Sec. 18.1-4. Effective date of chapter.
1991-36
This chapter shall become effective January 1, 1983. The
provisions of this chapter shall not apply to those contracts
entered into prior to January 1, 1983, which shall continue to be
governed by the procurement policies and regulations of the city
in effect at the time those contracts were executed.
DIVISION 2. DEFINITIONS
Sec. 18.1-5. Terms defined.
The words defined in this section shall have the meanings set
forth throughout this chapter:
Brand name specification: A specification limited to one or more
items by manufacturers' names or catalogue numbers.
Brand name or equal specification: A specification limited to one
or more items by manufacturers' names or catalogue numbers to
describe the standard of quality, performance, and other salient
characteristics needed to meet city requirements and which provides
for the submission of equivalent products.
Business: Any corporation, partner hip, !~i~Pi~i~i~i!~iii in-
dividual, sole proprietorship, joint stock company'~'~'oint'"~enture
or any other private entity.
city Manager: City Manager of the City of Fairfax or designee.
city: The City of Fairfax.
City Council: The council of the City of Fairfax.
Confidential information: Any information which is available to
an employee only because of the employee's status as an employee
of this ~i city and is not a matter of public knowledge or
available to the public on request.
Cons~ruction: Building, altering, repairing, improving,
maintaining or demolishing any structure, building or highway, and
any draining, dredging, excavation, grading or similar work upon
real property.
Construction managemenc contracc: A contract in which a party is
retained by the owner to coordinate and administer contracts for
construction services for the benefit of the owner, and may also
include, if provided in the contract, the furnishing of construc-
tion services to the owner.
Contract: All types o f e~+-y agreements ~~iii!ii!i!iii~iiiiiiiiii~iiiiiiiiiiiiiii~
~i~ii!iii~~, regardless o f what ~ ~i?~ili~~'"~ay'"be'"'¢'ai'~'ed',
for the procurement of goods, services, insurance or construction.
Contract modificacion: Any written alteration in specifications,
delivery point, rate of delivery, period of performance, price,
quantity, or other provision of any contract accomplished by mutual
action of the parties ~f ~i~ the contract.
1991-36
Contractor: Any person having a contract with the city or e
using agency thereof.
¢os~ analysis: The evaluation of cost data for the purpose of
arriving at costs actually incurred or estimates of costs to be
incurred, prices to be paid, and costs to be reimbursed.
Oos~ da~a: Factual information concerning the cost of labor,
material, overhead, and other cost elements which are expected to
be incurred or which have been actually incurred by the contractor
in performing the contract.
Cos~-reimbursemen~ con~rac~: A contract under which a contractor
is reimbursed for costs which are allowable and allocable in
accordance with the contract terms and the provisions of this
chapter, and a fee or profit, if any.
Direct or indirec~ participation: Involvement through decision,
approval, disapproval, recommendation, preparation of any part of
a purchase request, influencing the content of any specification
or procurement standard, rendering of advice, investigation,
auditing, or in any other advisory capacity.
Employee: An individual drawing a salary or wages from the
city whether elected or not; any noncompensated individual
performing personal services for the city or any department,
agency, commission, council, board or any other entity established
by the executive or legislative branch of this city and noncom-
pensated individual serving as an elected official of the city.
Goods: Ail material, equipment, supplies, printing and
automated data processing hardware and software.
Governing body: The City Council.
Informality: A minor defect or variation of a bid or proposal
from the exact requirements of the invitation to bid, or the
request for proposal, which does not affect the price, quality,
quantity or delivery schedule for the goods, services, insurance
or construction being procured.
Insurance: A contract whereby, for a stipulated consideration,
one party undertakes to compensate the other for loss on a
specified subject by specified perils.
Invitation for bids: Ail documents, whether attached or
incorporated by reference, utilized for soliciting sealed bids.
in no case ~ ~ more than ten dollars ($10.00).
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1991-36
Nonprofessional services: Any services not specifically iden-
tified as professional services in the ~ definition ~
Professional services: Work performed by an independent con-
tractor within the scope of the practice of accounting, ~~
ii~~i architecture, land surveying, landscape architecture,
~A~',-'"~Ad'icine, optometry, ~ ~ ............... ~ ......... ~
Person: Any business, individual, union, committee, club,
other organization, or group of individuals.
Pricing da~a: Factual information concerning prices for items
substantially similar to those being procured. Prices in this
definition refer to offer or proposed selling prices, historical
selling prices and current selling prices. The definition refers
to data relevant to both prime and subcontract prices.
Publl¢ bod~: Any legislative, executive or judicial body,
agency, office, department, authority, post, commission, committee,
institution, board, or political subdivision created by law to
exercise some sovereign power or to perform some governmental duty,
and empowered by law to undertake the activities described in this
chapter.
Qualified produc~s lis~: An approved list of goods, services, or
construction items described by model or catalogue number, which
prior to competitive solicitation, the city has determined will
meet the applicable specification requirements.
Requesc for proposals: Ail documents, whether attached or
incorporated by reference, utilized for soliciting proposals.
Responslble bidder or offeror: A person who has the capability,
in all respects, to perform fully the contract requirements and the
moral and business integrity and reliability which will assure good
faith performance, and who has been prequalified, if required.
Responslve bidder: A person who has submitted a bid which
conforms in all material respects to the invitation to bid.
Services: Any work performed by an independent contractor
wherein the service rendered does not consist primarily of
acquisition of equipment or materials, or the rental of equipment,
materials or supplies.
Sheltered workshop: A work-oriented rehabilitative facility with
a controlled working environment and individual goals which
utilizes work experience and related services for assisting the
handicapped person to progress toward normal living and a pro-
ductive vocational status.
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1991-36
Specification: Any description of the physical or functional
characteristics, or of the nature of a good, service or con-
struction item. It may include~iii~iiii!iii~iiiiiiiiiiiiiii~iiiiiiiiii~iiiii~~~i~ii a
description of any requirement for inspecting, testing, or
preparing a good, service or construction item for delivery.
Using agency: Any department, agency, commission, g~g!~i~
bureau, or other unit ~ ~i~ the city government requiring goods,
services, insurance or construction as provided for in this
chapter.
ARTICLE II. OFFICE OF THE PURCHASING AGENT
Sec. 18.1-6. Establishment of purchasing system.
There is hereby created a purchasing system to operate under
the direction and supervision of the~,,,~--~--~
!~i~~. Nothing contained in this chapter shall prev~"""'~""'~'~
Manager from .designating a responsible person
~i~i~i.i.l.i.i~.~.i.i.i.i.i~i~i~ to perform the duties of pur'chas'ihg'"'ageht,
h.~ direction
subject to ~
Sec. 18.1-7. Authority and duties.
(a)
Principal public purchasing offxc~al. The
i~i~ii!ili~~i shall serve as the principal public pur'ch~s'ih~
official for the City of Fairfax and shall be responsible
for the procurement of goods, services, insurance and
construction in accordance with this chapter, as well as
the management and disposal of supplies.
(b)
DuCies. In accordance with this chapter, the ~
(1)
Purchase or supervise the purchasing of all goods,
services, insurance and construction needed by the
City of Fairfax;
(2)
Exercise general supervision over all other
inventories of goods belonging to the City of
Fairfax;
(3)
Sell, trade or otherwise dispose of surplus goods
belonging to the city;
(4)
Establish and maintain programs for specifications
development, contract administration and inspection
and acceptance, in cooperation with the public
agencies using the goods, services, i~i~~ and
construction;
(5)
Establish additional rules and regulations as needed
to further the intent of this chapter;
(6)
To perform other duties as assigned by the City
Manager.
(c)
the power and duty to:
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1991-36
(1)
Purchase or contract for all goods, services,
insurance and construction required by using agency,
except as provided herein;
(2)
Ensure preparation and enforcement of standard
specifications;
(3)
Ensure the inspection of all deliveries of goods,
services, or construction purchased through him to
determine their conformance with the order of
contract;
(4)
Act to procure for the city the highest quality in
goods, services, insurance and construction at the
least expense to the city;
(5)
Endeavor to obtain as full and open competition as
possible on all purchases and sales;
(6)
Keep informed of current developments in the field
of purchasing, prices, market conditions, and new
products;
(7)
Secure for the city the benefits of research done
in the fields of purchasing by other governmental
jurisdictions, national societies, national trade
associations, and by private business and organiza-
tions;
(8)
Prepare and adopt standard purchase nomenclature for
the using ~~i~ departments and for goods;
(9)
Prepare, adopt, and maintain a vendor's file
containing catalogues, description of commodities,
prices and discounts;
(10) Prepare and adopt consistent with this chapter and
with approval of the City Manageri~ii operational
procedures relating to the execution of his duties;
(11) Maintain a current file of sources of goods,
services, insurance and construction to be known as
a "bidders list" to which vendors can request to be
included;
(12) Not issue any order for delivery on a purchase until
it has been certified, after pre-audit, that there
is to the credit of the using agencies concerned a
sufficient unencumbered appropriation balance, in
excess of all unpaid obligations, to defray the
amount of such order.
Sec. 18.1-8. Delegation.
With the approval of the City Manager, the
goods, services, or construction items to other city employees, if
such delegation is deemed necessary for the effective procurement
of those items.
1991-36
Sec. 18.1-9. Unauthorized purchases.
~i~ shall purchase or contract for any goods, services, insurance
or construction within the purview of this chapter other than by
and through the ccmptrcllcr i~!~~iiii~!ii!~~ and any purchase
order or contract made contrary to the provisions hereof is not
approved and the city shall not be bound thereby.
Sec. 18.1-10 Professional services.
No contract for professional services may be awarded without
prior approval of the City Council. Contracts for legal services,
expert witnesses, court reporters, and other services associated
with litigation or regulatory proceedings may be entered into
without competitive sealed bidding, competitive sealed proposals,
competitive selection procedure for services, or other source
selection and contract formation requirements of this ~hapter,
sec. 18.1-11 Authority to approve purchases.
No contract for construction in excess of fifteen thousand
dollars ($15,000.00) may be awarded without prior approval of City
Council.
Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, there will be no
city Council approvee~ needed for any purchases in which funds
were budgeted and are still available. The c~mptr~llcr ~~
9i~.i.i.i.~~ will be responsible for awarding all purchases up to the
amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000.00). city Manager approval
ARTICLE III. COOPERATIVE PURCHASIN~
Sec. 18.1-12 Conditions for use.
The city may participate in, sponsor, conduct or administer
a cooperative purchase agreement with one or more other public
bodies for the purpose of combining requirements to increase
efficiency or reduce administrative expenses. Any joint purchasing
ARTICLE IV. CONTRACT FORMATION AND
METHODS OF SOURCE SELECTION
Sec. 18.1-13. Competitive sealed bidding.
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1991-36
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Conditions for use. Any ~ purchase ~iiii!i~i~i~iiiiii~ goods,
i~~!::i~ii~ services, supplies, materials, equipment or
to contract for construction work .... ~ .... ~-
~~????~;~??~~ five ~ thousand dollars ( $~
~?~~'~'"'""~'~'~'~"~"'""~'~ handl ~'~'~-through compet i~ive seal ed
Competitive bid~inE on sta¢e-aid projects. No contract for the
construction of any building or for an addition to or
improvement of an existing building ~iliiii~iiiii~ for which
state funds of one .........~-~,,~ ~v~, ......
be used for all or part of the cost of construction shall
be let except after competitive bidding
· ng for bids and letting of the contract shall confo~,
mutatis mutandis, to this chapter. No person or fi~
shall be eligible to bid on any such contract,
~~$???~~ nor to have the same awarded to him or
~'~ ~h'6'"'"'~'&'s'been engaqed as architect or engineer for the
same project.
Employment discrimination by contracror prohibited. Every
contract of over ten thousand dollars ($10,000.00) shall
include the provisions in (1)and (2) below:
(1) During the performance of this contract, the
contractor agrees as follows:
ae
The contractor will not discriminate against
any employee or applicant for employment
because of race, religion, color, sex or
national origin, except where religion, sex or
national origin is a bona fide occupational
qualification reasonably necessary to the
normal operation of the contractor. The
contractor agrees to post in conspicuous
places, available to employees and applicants
for employment, notices setting forth the
provisions of this nondiscrimination clause.
1991-36
be
The contractor, in all solicitations or
advertisements for employees placed by or on
behalf of the contractor, will state that such
contractor is an equal opportunity employer.
Notices, advertisements and solicitations
placed in accordance with federal law, rule or
regulation shall be deemed sufficient for the
purpose of meeting the requirements of this
section.
(e)
(2)
The contractor will include the provisions of the
foregoing paragraphs a, b and c in every subcontract
or purchase order of over ten thousand dollars
($10,000.00), so that the provisions will be binding
upon each subcontractor or vendor.
Notice of invitation go bid. Notice inviting bids shall be
published once in at least one newspaper of general
circulation in the city at least ten (10) days preceding
the last day set for the receipt of proposals ~. The
c~mptr~l l~r i~i~i~i~i!!ii~iiiiii~i~~iiiiii~ she 11 advert ice al 1
invitations ...... ~'~ ............. ~'~'~ ............. ~ ...... ~'~ ...... ~ted on the public
bulletin board in the comptroller's ~ii~~!iiii~iiiii~i~~ii~ii~
office.
The newspaper notice required herein shall include a
general description of the articles to be purchased or
sold, shall state where bid blanks and specifications may
be secured, and the time and place for opening bids.
The comptroller ~~i!iiiiii~iiiiiiii~i~~ shall also solicit
sealed bids from:':'~':':~:~':~:'~'"":':~'~'~:~'~'~"~'~"~"~'"'""~"~ospective suppliers
who have re~ested their names to be added to a "bidders
list" which the comptroller ~~.~.~.~.~.~?.~.~.~.~~ shall
maintain, by sending other notice as will acquaint them
with the proposed purchase or sale. In any case,
invitations sent to the vendors on the bidders' list
shall be limited to commodities that are similar in
character and ordinarily handled by the trade group to
which the invitations are sent.
(f)
Use of brand names. Unless otherwise provided in the
invitation to bid, the name of a certain brand, make or
manufacturer does not restrict bidders to the specific
brand, make or manufacturer named; it conveys the general
style, type, character, and quality of the article
desired, and any article which the~~-"~ ~"~ ~i~ in
its sole discretion determines to be the equal of that
specified, considering quality, workmanship, economy of
operation, and suitability for the purpose intended,
shall be accepted.
10
1991-36
(1)
Bid bonds on construction con~rac~s.
Except in cases of emergency, all bids or proposals
for construction contracts in excess of twenty-five
thousand dollars ($25,000.00) shall be accompanied
by a bid bond from a surety company selected by the
bidder which is legally authorized to do business
in Virginia, as a guarantee that if the contract is
awarded to such bidder, that bidder will enter into
the contract for the work mentioned in the bid. The
amount of the bid bond shall not exceed five percent
(5%) of the amount bid.
(2)
No forfeiture under a bid bond shall exceed the
lesser of (i) the difference between the bid for
which the bond was written and the next low bid, or
(ii) the face amount of the bid bond.
Bonds for ocher ~han consgruc~lon con~rac~s. At the
· , ,.., ~ ~ ~- ~ ~ 1 '~ A ~ !'"? :!":':':::':':::':'":" ""i::'":?":'"i:i:i:i::':'":::' i:i:!'.i:!'"i' :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
discretion of the ..... ~ .......
to submit with their bid a bid bond, or a certified
check, (in an amount to be determined by the
.... .~. HA '~ ~ ~ !''"i~i":'::::'"::i':''':''
..... ~. ....... ~~?~~:.,.,) and specified in
the invitati6~ {o bid' WhiCh shall be forfeited to
the city as liquidated damages upon the bidder's
failure to execute a contract awarded to him or upon
the bidder ' s failure to furnish any required
performance or payment bonds in connection with a
contract awarded to him.
The ~ ~
cessful bidders to furnish a performance bond and/or a
successful bidder, in amounts to be determined by the
invitation to bid, to ensure the satisfactory completion
of the work for which a contract or purchase order is
awarded.
Bid opening. Bids shall be opened publicly in the
presence of one or more witnesses at the time and
place designated in the invitation for bids. The
amount of each bid, and such other relevant
information as the comptr~llcr ~i~~iiiii!~iii~~
deems appropriate, together with the name of each
bidder shall be recorded; the record and each bid
shall be open to public inspection.
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1991-36
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Withdrawal of bid due to error.
A bidder for a public construction contract, other
than a contract for construction or maintenance of
public highways, may withdraw his bid from con-
sideration if the price bid was substantially lower
than the other bids due solely to a mistake therein,
provided the bid was submitted in good faith, and
the mistake was a clerical mistake as opposed to a
judgment mistake, and was actually due to an
unintentional arithmetic error or an unintentional
omission of a quantity of work, labor or material
made directly in the compilation of a bid, which
unintentional arithmetic error or unintentional
omission can be clearly shown by objective evidence
drawn from inspection of original work papers,
documents and materials used in the preparation of
the bid sought to be withdrawn. The procedure for
bid withdrawal ~iiiiiii~iiiiiii~iiiiiiii~~ mus~ be stated
' instruct~'~'"":'~'~'""~'~l~~'"'~~i~~ for
in the ...... ~ :.:~:::.:.:.:~.:.~ .................. ~:.:~ ............................................ ~ ......
biddin~ ~. The procedure for w~thdrawal of bids
is tha{ ':'~'":'bidder-must give notice in writing
5 ii!iiiiii i iiiiiiiii iii!iiiii of his claim of right to
withdraw his bid within two (2) business days after
the ....... ~-- .................................................................................................
openingii~ii procadure.
The procedures for the withdrawal of bids for other
No bid may be withdrawn under this section when the
result would be the awarding of the contract or
another bid of the same bidder or of another bidder
in which the ownership of the withdrawing bidder is
more than five (5) percent.
If a bid is withdrawn under the authority of this
section, the lowest remaining bid shall be deemed
to be the low bid.
No bidder who is permitted to withdraw a bid shall,
for compensation, supply any material or labor to
or perform any subcontract or other work agreement
for the person or firm to whom the contract is
awarded or otherwise benefit, directly or indirect-
ly, from the performance of the project for which
the withdrawn bid was submitted.
' ~" ~i~ denies the withdrawal of
If the governing
a bid under the provisions of this section, it shall
notify the bidder in writing stating the reasons for
Bid evaluation. In determining the "lowest respon-
sible bidder," in addition to price, the comptroller
~i~.~~i:?~i.i~i~i.i.l.i~.~.~ shal 1 cons ider:
12
1991-36
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
The ability, capacity and skill of the bidder to
perform the contract or provide the service
required;
Whether the bidder can perform the contract or
provide the service promptly, or within the time
specified, without delay or interference;
The character, integrity, reputation, judgment,
experience, and efficiency of the bidder;
The quality of performance of previous contracts or
services;
The previous and existing compliance by the bidder
with laws and ordinances relating to the contract
or service;
The sufficiency of the financial resources and
ability of the bidder to perform the contract or
provide the service;
The quality, availability and adaptability of the
goods, or services to the particular use required;
The ability of the bidder to provide future
maintenance and service for the use of the subject
of the contract;
The number and scope of conditions attached to the
bid.
(10) Life cycle costing if appropriate.
(2)
(1)
Bid award.
Bids shall be awarded to the lowest responsive and
responsible bidder. When the terms and conditions
of multiple bids are so provided in the invitation
to bid, awards may be made to more than one bidder.
Unless cancelled or rejected, a responsible bid from
the lowest responsible bidder shall be accepted as
submitted except that if the bid from the lowest
responsible bidder exceeds available funds, the city
may negotiate with the apparent low bidder to obtain
a contract price within available funds.
Tie bids.
In the case of a tie bid, preference shall be given
to goods, services and construction produced in
-~--~--- ~-~-- =========================== provided by
persons, firms or corporations
Virginia persons, firms or corporationS~i otherwise
the tie shall be decided by lot.
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1991-36
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
Whenever any bidder is a resident of any other state
and such state under its laws allows a resident
contractor of that state a preference, a like
preference may be allowed to the lowest responsible
bidder who is a resident of Virginia.
¢ontracC pricing arrangement. Subject to the limitations
of this section, any type of contract which is
appropriate to the procurement and which will
promote the best interests of the city may be used.
of-cost contract or a cost-plus-a-percentage-of-
construction-cost contract!~i~i arc prohibited. A cost
reimbursement contract may be used only when a
determination is made in writing that such contract
is likely to be less costly to the city than any
other type or that it is impracticable to obtain the
goods, service, or construction item required under
such a contract.
MulCi- term concracc$·
Specified period. Unless otherwise provided by law,
a contract for goods, services or insurance may be
entered into for any period of time deemed to be in
the best interests of the city provided the term of
the contract and conditions of renewal or extension,
if any, are included in the solicitation and funds
are available for the first fiscal period at the
time of contracting. Payment and performance
obligations for succeeding fiscal periods shall be
subject to the availability and appropriation of
funds therefor.
Cancellation due to unavailability of funds in
succeeding fiscal periods. When funds are not
appropriated or otherwise made available to support
continuation of performance in a subsequent fiscal
period, the contract shall be cancelled.
Con~rac~ modi£ica~ion. A public contract may include
provisions for modification of the contract during
performance, but no fixed-price contract may be
increased by more than ten (10) percent of the
amount of the contract or ten thousand dollars
($10,000.00), whichever is greater, with~i the
advance written approval of .... ~ ......... ~ -~ ........................
Retainage on construction con~rac~s.
In any public contract for construction which
provides for progress payments in installments based
upon an estimated percentage of completion, the
contractor shall be paid at least ninety-five (95)
percent of the earned sum when payment is due, with
not more than five (5) percent being retained to
assure faithful performance of the contract. All
amounts withheld may be included in the final
payment.
14
1991-36
(2)
Any subcontract for construction which provides for
similar progress payments shall be subject to the
same limitations.
15
1991-36
(1)
Upon the award of any public construction contract
exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000.00)
awarded to any prime contractor, such contractor
shall furnish to the city the following bonds:
A performance bond in the sum of the contract
amount conditioned upon the faithful per-
formance of the contract in strict conformity
with the plans, specifications and conditions
of the contract.
A payment bond in the sum of the contract
amount. Such bond shall be for the protection
of claimants who have and fulfill contracts to
supply labor or materials to the prime
contractor to whom the contract was awarded,
or to any subcontractors, in the prosecution
of the work provided for in such contract, and
shall be conditioned upon the prompt payment
for all such material furnished or labor
supplied or performed in the prosecution of the
work. "Labor or materials" shall include
public utility services and reasonable rentals
of equipment, but only for periods when the
equipment rented is actually used at the site.
(2)
Each of such bonds shall be executed by one or more
surety companies selected by the contractor which
are legally authorized to do business in Virginia.
(3)
(4)
Bonds shall be made payable to the City~--F~-~.
Each of the bonds shall be filed with the ~~:.:
designated office or official thereof.
(5)
(6)
Nothing in this section shall preclude the com-
ptrol ler ~~iiii~i~i:~iii:~i~ from requiring payment
or perfo~'~'~'~'~'"'"'~'6'~'~'~'"'"'"~'~'~'"'"'~'~er contracts
Nothing in this section shall preclude such
contractor from requiring each subcontractor to
furnish a payment bond with surety thereon in the
sum of the full amount of the contract with such
subcontractor conditioned upon the payment to all
persons who have and fulfill contracts which are
directly with the subcontractor for performing labor
and furnishing materials in the prosecution of the
work provided for in the subcontract.
Sec. 18.1-14. Action on performance bond.
No action against the surety on a performance bond shall be
brought unless within one year after (i) completion of the
contract, including the expiration of all warranties and guaran-
tees, or (ii) discovery of the deficit or breach of warranty, if
the action be for such.
16
1991-36
Sec. 18.1-15. Actions on payment bonds.
(a) Subject to the provisions of subsection (b) hereof, any
claimant who has performed labor or furnished materials in
accordance with the contract for which a payment bond has been
given, and who has not been paid in full therefor before the
expiration of ninety (90) days after the day on which such claimant
performed the last of such labor or furnished the last of such
materials for which he claims payment, may bring an action on such
payment bond to recover any amount due him for such labor or
material, and may prosecute such action to final judgment and have
execution on the judgment. The obligee named in the bond need not
be named a part~ to such action.
(b) Any claimant who has a direct contractual relationship
with any subcontractor from whom the contractor has not required
a subcontractor payment bond but who has no contractual relation-
ship, express or implied, with such contractor, may bring an action
on the contractor's payment bond only if he has given written
notice to such contractor within one hundred eighty (180) days from
the day on which the claimant performed the last of the labor or
furnished the last of the materials for which he claims payment,
stating with substantial accuracy the amount claimed and the name
of the person for whom the work was performed or to whom the
material was furnished. Any claimant who has a direct contractual
relationship with a subcontractor from whom the contractor has
required a subcontractor payment bond but who has no contractual
relationship, express or implied, with such contractor, may bring
an action on the subcontractor's payment bond. Notice to the
contractor shall be served by registered or certified mail, postage
prepaid, in an envelope addressed to such contractor at any place
where his office is regularly maintained for the transaction of
business. Claims for sums withheld as retainages with respect to
labor performance or materials furnished, shall not be subject to
the time limitations stated in this subsection.
(c) Any action on a payment bond must be brought within one
year after the day on which the person bringing such action last
performed labor or last furnished or supplied materials.
Sec. 18.1-16. Alternative forms of security.
(a) In lieu of a bid, payment, or performance bond, a bidder
may furnish a certified check or cash escrow in the face amount
required for the bond.
Sec. 18.1-17. Competitive negotiation.
(a) De£lnicion o£compeci~iveneEo~ia~lon. Competitive negotiation
is a method of source selection which involves individual discus-
sions between the city and the offeror on the basis of responses
to the city's request for proposals. The source selection method
of competitive negotiation incorporates 18.1-3 in addition to the
provisions outlined herein and in 18.1-18.
17
1991-36
(b) Condit:ions for use. Upon a determination
L.~::i::::::::~ii::::i~i~iiiii~::ii::::::~i::::!!::~ in writing that competitive sealed
~'~'~'~'~'~"'"~"~"""~'~"~'~'~'~'""'~'{""'""~'~'6'~'~able or not ~~ advantageous to
~.~~::.~::. goods, se~lces, ~nsurancA-
procured by competitive negotiation. The writing shall ~ocument
the basis for this determination.
(C) Reques~ for proposals. Request for proposals shall be in
writing and indicate in general terms that which is sought to be
procured, specifying the factors which will be used in evaluating
the proposal and containing or incorporating by reference the other
applicable contractual terms and conditions, including any unique
capabilities or qualifications which will be required of the
contractor. Estimated costs may be requested at this time.
(d) Publlc no~ice. At least ten (10) days prior to the date
set for receipt of proposals, public notice shall be given by
posting in a public area normally used for posting of public
notices or ~ by publication in a newspaper of general circulation
in the area in which the contract is to be performed or both
directly from potential contractors.
(e) Evaluation facrors and award. Selection shall be made of two
(2) or more offerors deemed to be fully qualified and best suited
among those submitting proposals, on the basis of the factors
involved in the request for proposals, including price if so quoted
in the request for proposal. Negotiations shall then be conducted
with each of the offerors so selected. Price shall be considered,
but need not be the sole determining factor. After negotiations
have been conducted with each offeror so selected, the City Manager
shall select the offeror which, in his opinion, has made the best
proposal, and shall award the contract to that offeror. Should the
City Manager determine in writing and in his sole discretion that
only one offeror is fully qualified, or that one offeror is clearly
more highly qualified than the others under consideration, a
contract may be negotiated and awarded to that offeror.
Sec. 18.1-18. Contracting for professional services by competitive
negotiation.
(a) Au~hor1~y. Professional services mey ~i~i be procured by
competitive negotiation. The process includes ~ii~iiii~ii~~i~
~~iiiiiiii~i!i?!!i! 18.1-13 and 18.1-17.
(b) Discussion and award. The City Manager shall engage in
individual discussions with at least three (3) offerors deemed
fully qualified, responsible and suitable on the basis of initial
responses and with emphasis on professional competence, to provide
the required services. Repetitive informal interviews shall be
permissible. Such offerors shall be encouraged to elaborate on
their qualifications and performance data or staff expertise
pertinent to the proposed project as well as alternative concepts.
18
1991-36
costs, including where appropriate, design, construction and life
............ = ................ Proprietary ~nformat~on from
competing offerors shall not be disclosed to the public or to
competitors. At the conclusion of discussion, outlined herein, on
the basis of evaluation factors published in the request for
proposal and all information developed in the selection process to
this point, the City Manager shall select in the order of pre-
ference two (2) or more offerors whose professional qualifications
and proposed services are deemed most meritorious. Negotiations
shall then be conducted, beginning with the offeror ranked first.
If a contract satisfactory and advantageous to the city can be
negotiated at a price considered fair and reasonable, the award
shall be made to that offeror. Otherwise, negotiations with the
offeror ranked first shall be formally terminated and negotiations
conducted with the offeror ranked second, and so on until such a
contract can be negotiated at a fair and reasonable price. Should
the City Manager determine in writing and in h&s i~!~ sole dis-
is :.'' '+:+:.'' :.:' '.:-:+:+:+:-:.:+:+:.:.:.:.:.:+:.:' '.:+:,.:.:.'' '.:*:.:.:.:+:-:' '.:.:.i:!:i:~:~:~:i:i:i:i:i::.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.'-.:.' ....-.-.......-.................................... ·
cretion that only one offeror i~i~i~!iiiiiii~i~i~i~iiiiii~iiiii~iiiiii~
others under consideration, a contract may be negotiated and
awarded to that offeror.
Sec. 18.1-19. Sole source procurement.
Upon a determination in writing that there is only one source
practicably available for that which is to be procured,
~~~.i~.!.~!~.i.i.i.~!~.!.!~i.!.i.i~~.!.i.!.~i~.i.i.i.~~!!~!~ a contract may be
negotiated and awarded to that source without competitive sealed
bidding or competitive negotiation. The writing shall document the
basis for this determination.
The e~~i~i~iiii~i~iiii~~~ shall submit a quarterly
report to the City Council that lists each sole source procurement
in excess of two thousand dollars ($2,000.00).
Sec. 18.1-20. Emergency purchases.
In case of emergency, a contract may be awarded without
competitive sealed bidding or competitive negotiation; however,
such procurement shall be made with such competition as is
pract icabl e under the c i rcumstances ~iiiiiii~~i~iii~iiiiiii~iiii~~
~~ii~ii A written determination of the basis for the emergency
and for the selection of the particular contractor shall be
included in the contract file.
An emergency shall be deemed to exist when a breakdown in
machinery or equipment and/or a threatened termination of essential
services or a dangerous condition develops, or when any unforeseen
circumstances arise causing curtailment or diminution of an
essential service or where materials or services are needed to
prevent loss of life or property.
19
1991-36
The comptroller ~~i!iiiiii~!~!iii!ii~~ shall submit to the City
Council on a quarterl~':':':':~:~:~'~'~:':':':':~:':':':'~:'~':~'~'"'""~'~'"'""~'ny emergency purchases in
excess of two thousand dollars ($2,000.00).
Sec. 18.1-21. Small purchases.
Any ~i~i~i~i~i~i~ii~iiii~ contract not ......... ~ .... ~~?i~i~i~i~9
~~iiiiii~ thousand dollars ($i~!~i!ii!i~i~i!~!!~i~) ~a~ be made i~"'~'6'~'~
~"'"~'~ purchase procedure~'"~i.i.i.i.i.~~i.i.i.!!i~~.~.i.i.i.i.i~i~~
~i~8.i.i.i.!~!!i.lii~~:~:~!,!.!.!~.~:~. Contract requirements shall not
be artificially divided so as to constitute a small purchase under
this section. Insofar as it is practical, no less than three (3)
businesses shall be solicited to submit quotations i~i~iiiiiiiiiii~i~i~
~~. Award shall be made to the business offering the lowest
acceptable quotation. The name of the business submitting a
quotation, and the date and amount of each quotation, shall be
recorded and maintained as a public record. These ~i~!~i~~
requirements do not apply for purchases under t~o i~i~i hundred
dollars ($i~00.00).
Sec. 18.1.-22. Miscellaneous sources.
The following transactions are hereby exempt
provisions of this chapter:
from the
Purchases from the state penitentiary or state contracts or
from the state purchasing department warehouse.
Legal services associated with actual or potential litigation.
Purchases for special police work when the chief of police
certifies to the ~ ~~iii~i~?~ii?~iiiii~~ that
items are needed for undercover police operations.
Purchases from nonprofit sheltered workshops serving the
handicapped.
Sec. 18.1-22.1. Rejection of bids.
An invitation for ~ bid~, a request for proposals, or other
solicitation may be cancelled, or any or all bids or proposals may
be rejected in whole or in part when the .... ~-~- ~~?~?~iiii~
~~ determines that it is in the best interest of the city to
do so. The reasons therefore shall be --~ ..... ~ -~ ~ ...... ~
Sec. 18.1-22.2. Discrimination prohibited.
In the solicitation or awarding of contracts,..~ ..... ~.~=~:- ~z=-~-'
~i.i.i.i.i.~ shall ~ discriminate because of the race, religion,
color, sex, or national origin of the bidder or offeror. (Ord. No.
1983-2, 1-11-83)
Sec. 18.1-22.3 Waiver of informalities.
waive any informalities
Sec. 18.1-22.4 Appeals and remedies.
20
1991-36
(a) Ineligibility. Any bidder, offeror or contractor refused
permission to, or disqualified from, participation in public
contractors shall be notified in writing. This decision shall be
final unless the bidder, offeror, or contractor appeals within
thirty (30) days of receipt by instituting legal action
~9~i~iiiiii~i~~ili~i~i- If, upon appeal, it is determined that
with the Constitution of Virginia, statutes or regulations, the
sole relief shall be restoration of eligibility.
(b) Appeal of denial of withdrawal of bid. A decision denying
withdrawal of bid under the provisions of section 18.1-13 shall be
final and conclusive unless the bidder appeals the decision within
ten (10) days after receipt of the decision by instituting legal
action ~iiiiiiiii~iiiiii~/~~iiiiiiiiiii~~iiiiiiiii~- If no bid bond was
posted,'""~'"-'~'~--~'~'~"-'~~ ~'~'"'~ bid under the provisions
of section 18.1-13 prior to appealing, shall deliver to the court
a certified check or cash bond in the amount of the difference
between the bid sought to be withdrawn and the next low bid. Such
security shall be released only upon a final determination that the
bidder was entitled to withdraw the bid. If, upon appeal, it is
determined that the decision refusing withdrawal of the bid was
arbitrary or capricious and clearly erroneous the sole relief shall
be withdrawal of the bid.
(c) Determination of nonresponsibility. Any bidder who despite
being the apparent low bidder, is determined not to be a respon-
sible bidder for a particular contract shall be notified in
writing. Such notice shall be final unless the bidder appeals the
decision within ten (10) days by instituting legal action
/ii!ii~i~i~iiiiii!~i~i~. If, upon appeal, it is determined that
~'-"~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~'""~'~'""~'"~'~'~ry or capricious, and the award of the
contract in question has not been made, the sole relief shall be
a finding that the bidder is a responsible bidder for the contract
'~'"'"'~'~~'~'~'~'~'-'"bidder for a particular contract shall proceed under
this subsection only, and may not protest the award or proposed
award under any other section or subsection.
(d) Protest of award or decision ~o award.
(1)
Any bidder or offeror may protest the award or
decision to award a contract by instituting legal
action no later than ten (10) days after the award
or the announcement of the decision to award,
whichever occurs first. The award or decision shall
be reversed only if the petitioner establishes that
the proposed award or the award is not an honest
exercise of discretion, but rather is arbitrary or
capriciousii~ii ~ ~ ...... d ...... ~ ~ ~-
....... ~ No protest shall lie for a claim that the
selected bidder or offeror is not a responsible
bidder or offeror. If, prior to an award, it is
determined that the decision to award is arbitrary
or capricious, then the sole relief shall be a
finding to that effect. Therefore, the proposed
award shall be cancelled or revised to comply with
the law. If, after an award, it is determined that
21
1991-36
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
an award of a contract was arbitrary or capricious,
then the sole relief shall be as follows:
be
Where the award has been made but performance
has not begun, the performance of the contract
may be enjoined.
Where the award has been made and performance
has begun, the City Council may declare the
contract void upon a finding that this action
is in the best interest of the public. Where
a contract is declared void, the performing
contractor shall be compensated for the cost
of performance up to the time of such declara-
tion.
In no event shall the performing contractor be
entitled to lost profits.
(2)
Where the City Council, ~iiiiiiii!i~ o~ an official
b ~ ..... ~ ~ ~"~ ........ ~ ~ - "~':'; =========r==========================?=~:::::~:~:~.:'.:.~.:?.: determines'
designated y ~ ~ ..................................................... ~ a
that there is probable cause to believe that
decision to award was based on fraud or corruption
or on an act in violation of Article VII of this
chapte~i~iithe City Council ~ designated official may
institute legal action to enjoin the award of the
contract to a particular bidder.
Effec~ of appeal upon concrac~. Pending final determination
of a protest or appeal, the validity of a contract
awarded and accepted in good faith in accordance with
this chapter shall not be affected by the fact that a
protest or appeal has been filed.
S~ay of award durinE promes~. An award need not be delayed
for the period allowed a bidder or offeror to protest,
but in the event of a timely protest, no further action
to award the contract will be taken unless there is a
written determination that proceeding without delay is
necessary to protect the public interest or unless the
bid or offer would expire.
Con~racrual disputes. Contractual claims, whether for money
or ot~er relief, ~hall be ma~e
~.:.:.:.:.~!~~.i.i.l.i.~.~.i.i,i.i~.~~ no late'~'""~'~'~"-SlX~"-'('~')"'-'days
after final payment. No relief shall be awarded on any
such contractual claim unless written notice of the
intention to make such claim is submitted to the
~ ~i~i~ iii~!~iiiiii~~ within five (5) days of the
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :.:.:: :.:,: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .:.: :+: ........ ~ ':' .:..:.:.:.:.:.:.:,:.:
occurrence g~v~ng r~se to the claim or within five (5)
days of the beginning of the work upon which the claim
is based. Nothing herein shall preclude a contract from
requiring submission of an invoice for final payment
within a certain time after completion and acceptance of
the work or acceptance of the goods. Pendency of claims
shall not delay payment of amounts agreed due in the
final payment.
Lefal action.
If injunctive relief is granted, the court, upon
request of the public body, shall require the
posting of reasonable security to protect the~-'~ ~;-
22
1991-36
(2)
Nothing herein shall be construed to prevent e
public body ~iiiiiii~ from instituting legal action
against a contractor.
ARTICLE V. DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS PROPERTY
Sec. 18.1-23. Procedure.
Ail sales of property pursuant to this section shall be sold
on the basis of competitive bids wherever feasible to obtain the
highest price.
in his discretion.
Sec. 18.1-24. Authority to ~~iiiiiii~ debar or suspend.
After consultation with the city attorney, the City Council
is authorized to suspend a person from consideration for award of
contracts if there is probable cause to believe that the person has
engaged in any activity which might lead to debarment. After
reasonable notice to the person involved and reasonable opportunity
for that person to be heard, the City Council after consulting with
the city attorney is authorized to debar a person for cause from
consideration for award of contracts. The debarment shall not be
for a period of more than three (3) years. The suspension shall
not be for a period exceeding three (3) months. The causes for
debarment include:
(a)
Conviction for commission of a criminal offense as an
incident to obtaining or attempting to obtain a public
or private contract or subcontract, or in the performance
of such contract or subcontract;
(b)
Conviction under state and federal statutes of embezzle-
ment, theft, forgery, bribery, falsification or destruc-
tion of records, receiving stolen property, or any other
offense indicating a lack of business integrity or
business honesty which currently, seriously, and directly
affects responsibility as a city contractor;
(c) Conviction under state or federal antitrust statutes;
(d)
Violation of contract provisions, as set forth below, of
a character which is regarded by the City Council to be
so serious as to justify debarment action:
(1)
(2)
Deliberate failure without good cause to perform in
accordance with the specifications or within the
time limit provided in the contract; or
A recent record of failure to perform or of
unsatisfactory performance in accordance with the
terms of one or more contracts; provided that
failure to perform or unsatisfactory performance
caused by acts beyond the control of the contractor
shall not be considered to be a basis for debarment;
23
1991-36
(e)
Any other cause the City Council determines to be so
serious and compelling as to affect responsibility as a
city contractor including debarment by another governmen-
tal entity for any cause in this chapter; and for
violation of the ethical standards set forth in this
chapter.
Sec. 18.1-25. Decision to i~~ ~ debar or au:pond.
The City Council shall issue a written decision to
debar or suspcnd. The decision shall state the
action taken and inform the dcbarrcd or suspended
person involved of his rights concerning judicial or
review.
Sec. 18.1-26. Notice of decision.
A copy of the decision required by section 18.1-25 (decision
to ~~.i.!.!.!.!.!~ debar cr suspend) shall be mailed or otherwise
furnished immediately to the ~~iiii~ debarred~-~ ~----~-~
person.
Sec. 18.1-27. Finality of decision.
A decision under section 18.1-25 (decision to ~i~!i!iii~ debar
~T-e~~) shall be final and conclusive, unless ~'~" '~~!ii?~i~
debarred or suspended person within ten (10) days afte~'"'~"~'~"~"~'~'""~
the decision takes an appeal to the City Council or commences a
timely action in court in accordance with applicable law.
ARTICLE VII. ETHICS IN PUBLIC CONTRACTING
Sec. 18.1-28. Purpose.
The provisions of this article supplement, but do not
supersede, other provisions of law including, but not limited to,
the ~iiiiiii~iiiiii~i!ili!i~~ Virginia Conflict of Interests Act,
the Virginia Governmental Frauds Act and articles 2 and 3 of
chapter 10 of title 18.2 of the Code of Virginia. The provisions
of this article apply notwithstanding the fact that the conduct
described may not constitute a violation of the ~i~iiii~iiii~
~~! Virginia Conflict of Interests Act. ' .........................................................................................................
Sec. 18.1-29. Definitions.
The words defined in this section shall have the meanings set
forth below throughout this article.
Immediately family: A spouse, children, parents, brothers and
sisters, and any other person living in the same household as the
employee.
official responsibility: An administrative or operating autho-
rity, whether immediate or final, to initiate, approve, disapprove
or otherwise affect a procurement transaction, or any claim
resulting therefrom.
Pecuniary in~eresr arising from ~he procurement: A .... ~ ~
f ......... 1
24
1991-36
Proouremen~ ~ransac~ion: All functions that pertain to the
obtaining of any goods, services or construction, including
description of requirements, selection and solicitation of sources,
preparation and award of contract, and all phases of contract
administration.
Public employee: Any person employed by a governing body,
including elected officials or appointed members of governing
bodies.
Sec. 18.1-30.
Pr~scribed participation by public employees in
procurement transactions.
action shall participate ~n that transaction on behalf of the
governing body when the employee knows that:
(a)
The employee is contemporaneously employed by a bidder,
offeror or contractor involved in the procurement
transaction; or
(b)
The employee, the employee's partner, or any member of
the employee's immediate family holds a position with a
bidder, offeror or contractor such as an officer,
director, trustee, partner or the like, or is employed
in a capacity involving personal and substantial
participation in the procurement transaction, or owns or
controls an interest of more than five (5) percent; or
(c)
The employee, the employee's partner, or any member of
the employee's immediate family has a pecuniary interest
arising from the procurement transaction; or
(d)
The employee, the employee's partner, or any member of
the employee's immediate family is negotiating or has an
arrangement concerning, prospective employment with a
bidder, offeror or contractor.
Sec. 18.1-31. Solicitation or acceptance of gifts.
No public employee having official responsibility for a
procurement transaction shall solicit, demand, accept, or agree to
accept from a bidder, offeror, contractor or subcontractor any
payment, loan, subscription, advance, deposit of money, services
or anything of more than nominal or minimal value, present or
promised, unless consideration of substantially equal or greater
value is exchanged. The city may recover the value of anything
conveyed in violation of this section.
Sec. 18.1-32. Disclosure of subsequent employment.
No public employee or former public employee having official
responsibility for procurement transactions shall accept employment
with any bidder, offeror or contractor with whom the employee or
former employee dealt in an official capacity concerning procure-
ment transactions for a period of one year from the cessation of
employment by the city unless the employee, or former employee,
provides written notification to the City Council prior to
commencement of employment by that bidder, offeror or contractor.
25
1991-36
Sec. 18.1-33. Gifts by bidders, offerors, contractors or sub-
contractors.
No bidder, offeror, contractor or subcontractor shall confer
upon any public employee having official responsibility for a
procurement transaction any payment, loan, subscription, advance,
deposit of money, services or anything of more than nominal value,
present or promised, unless consideration of substantially equal
or greater value is exchanged.
Sec. 18.1-34. Kickbacks.
(a)
No contractor or subcontractor shall demand or receive
from any of his suppliers or his subcontractors, as an
inducement for the award of a subcontract, or order, any
payment, loan, subscription, advance, deposit of money,
services or anything, present or promised, unless
consideration of substantially equal or greater value is
exchanged.
(b)
No subcontractor or supplier shall make, or offer to
make, kickbacks as described in this section.
(c)
No person shall demand or receive any payment, loan,
subscription, advance, deposit of money, services or
anything of value in return for an agreement not to
compete on a public contract.
(d)
If a subcontractor or supplier makes a kickback or other
prohibited payment as described in this section, the
amount thereof shall be conclusively presumed to have
been included in the price of the subcontract or order
and ultimately borne by the city and will be recoverable
from both the maker and recipient. Recovery from one
offending party shall not preclude recovery from other
offending parties.
Sec. 18.1-35.
Purchase of building materials, etc., from architect
or engineer prohibited.
Except in cases of emergency, no building materials, supplies
or equipment for any building or structure constructed by or for
the city shall be sold by or purchased from any person employed as
an independent contractor by the city to furnish architectural or
engineering services, but not construction, for such building or
structure, or from any partnership, association or corporation in
which such architect or engineer has a pecuniary interest.
Sec. 18.1-36. Penalty for violation.
Willful violation of any provision of this article shall
constitute a Class I misdemeanor. Upon conviction, any public
employee, in addition to any other fine or penalty provided by lawi~ii
shall forfeit his employment.
This ordinance will become effective immediately upon adoption
by the City Council.
26
1991-36
INTRODUCED:. December 10, 1991
PUBLIC HEARING:... December 17, 1991
ADOPTED: December 17, 1991
ATTEST:
27